James Osborne is an archaeologist who works in the eastern Mediterranean and ancient Middle East during the Bronze and Iron Ages (ca. 3500‒500 BCE). He focuses especially on Anatolia, a region that is today within the Republic of Turkey, during the late second and early first millennium BCE. Most of his publications have concentrated on the intersection of space and power, using analysis of Anatolian monumental buildings, cities, and settlement patterns during the Iron Age as his primary subject matter. His recent monograph, The Syro-Anatolian City-States: An Iron Age Culture, examines the nature and organization of an Iron Age culture in southern Turkey and northern Syria, which existed from roughly 1200 to 700 BCE. Osborne is Associate Professor in the Department of Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Chicago.